Women political participation and Decision making in Somalia

Abstract Women's political participation and decision-making are fundamental to achieving gender equality and inclusive governance. This study examines the opportunities and challenges of women's political participation and decision-making in Somalia, focusing on socio-political, cultural, and economic factors that influence their involvement. The research aims to assess the extent of women's participation in politics, the barriers they face, and strategies for empowerment. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected through surveys and interviews with policymakers, female politicians, civil society representatives, and community members. The findings indicate that while there have been significant improvements in women's political participation due to advocacy efforts and policy reforms, barriers such as patriarchal norms, clan-based political systems, financial constraints, and security threats continue to limit women's engagement in decision-making processes. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of affirmative action policies, women-led political movements, and international support in fostering gender inclusivity in Somali politics. The study underscores the need for policy interventions, capacity-building programs, and greater public awareness to enhance women's political participation. Recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks for gender equality, increasing financial and institutional support for female candidates, and promoting community-driven initiatives to shift societal perceptions about women's leadership roles. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, gender advocates, and organizations working to advance women's empowerment in Somalia.