Energy efficiency in public buildings: Evaluating strategies for tropical and temperate climates

This study offers a thorough analysis of the crucial impact of energy efficiency and sustainable architecture on the performance of public buildings in Nigeria. Through a robust methodological approach that integrates an extensive literature review, in-depth case study analyses and expert consultations, the research explores effective strategies for embedding sustainable practices in architectural design and building operations, aiming to enhance overall efficiency and sustainability in public infrastructure. The findings underscore the significant impact of bioclimatic design principles, the implementation of advanced HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) systems, and the integration of renewable energy technologies—particularly solar photovoltaics—in reducing energy consumption and minimizing environmental footprints. Additionally, the study highlights the substantial benefits associated with adopting energy-efficient lighting and appliances, which not only lead to operational cost savings but also improve overall occupant comfort and well-being. However, the research also identifies several barriers to the widespread adoption of these sustainable practices. These challenges include regulatory inadequacies that do not adequately support sustainable initiatives, financial constraints that limit investment in energy-efficient technologies, a lack of technical expertise necessary for implementing and maintaining these systems and low public awareness regarding the importance and benefits of energy efficiency. These factors collectively hinder the broader acceptance and implementation of energy-efficient solutions within the public sector. The conclusions drawn emphasize the critical need for collaborative efforts among government agencies, industry professionals, and educational institutions to create a sustainable built environment. By following these recommendations, Nigeria can make significant strides toward achieving its sustainability goals, thereby contributing to global efforts to mitigate climate change and enhance environmental resilience.