Study Of The Effect Of Triterpenoid Compounds On Enzyme Activity During Wheat Germination

Abstract: The germination process of wheat grain is regulated under the influence of endogenous phytohormones, and adaptation mechanisms of the plant to the effects of various stress factors are realized directly through the activity of enzymes at the cellular level. Accordingly, it is of theoretical/practical importance to control the activity of enzymes in the biochemical/functional processes of wheat ontogenetic development. In the conducted studies, the activity of amylolytic (α-, β-amylase) enzymes in the extract of wheat grain was determined spectrophotometrically on the 2nd, 7th, and 10th day of wheat grain extraction. β-amylase activity was calculated by subtracting the value of α-amylase activity from the value of total amyloltic activity. During the 7th day of wheat germination, the activity of α- and β-amylase in the control variant was 54.5±2.7 and 19.1±0.3 hydr, respectively. is equal to mg starch×30 min./g, and in the conditions of experimental salinity (NaCl=200 mM) the values of this indicator are 18.3±0.4 and 6.5±0.4 hydr, respectively. mg starch×30 min./g decrease was noted. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and some phytohormones - indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); under the influence of supramolecular complexes of naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA) and kinetin (100 μM) during germination, it was found that the total amylolytic activity, α- and β-amylase activity in wheat grain "Dustlik" (Triticum aestivum L.) increased compared to the control. Also, under the conditions of experimental salinity (NaCl=200 mM), a– and b -amylase activity was found to be significantly restored. According to the results of the research, it was found that the increase in amylase activity under the influence of phytohormones during the germination of wheat grain ensures the maximum intensity of the transport of nutrients and the growth process, and this increases the yield and quality of the crop. The obtained experimental results serve as a scientific basis for the stimulatory/optimizing effect of GA:PhG supramolecular complexes on the parameters of wheat germination and development.