Optimizing Communication Capabilities in Non-Terrestrial Networks A Comparative Analysis of Continuous and Distributed Aperture Solutions

This study explores the integration of Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) for directto- handheld communication, focusing on two approaches to achieve larger antenna apertures: using a single massive platform or combining smaller elements into a distributed aperture. The research compares the performance of continuous and fractionated apertures in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The fractionated aperture, created by platforms using active Direct Radiating Arrays (DRAs), enables to reallocate resources in very narrow beams within the satellites’ field of view while maintaining the same total radiating area. The study also examines the impact of grating lobes and beam separation on minimizing inter-beam interference and evaluates system capacity improvements as platform distances vary. The findings highlight the advantages of fractionated apertures for future NTN applications, particularly in enhancing system capacity for denser user populations.