Measuring Legal Efficacy in Urban Animal Protection: A Novel Approach with NeutroAlgebra and Linguistic Models

This study, conducted in the Ecuadorian context, introduces an innovative method employing NeutroAlgebra and a 2-tuple neutrosophic linguistic model to evaluate the efficacy of legal and doctrinal foundations for the protection of urban fauna, focusing on dogs and cats. Faced with challenges such as abandonment and deficient enforcement of regulations in urbanized societies, the research addresses the complexity of measuring the true effectiveness of legal frameworks, considering the inherent uncertainties in their application and interpretation. The analysis is based on expert assessments across five fundamental categories. Preliminary findings, derived from aggregated expert opinions, indicate varied levels of perceived effectiveness: citizen participation (F5) emerges as a robust factor with a 'High' rating. In contrast, the constitutional basis (F1), regulatory framework (F2), and judicial interpretation (F4) are perceived as 'Somewhat High' efficacy. Critically, institutional implementation (F3) is identified as the weakest area, with a 'Rather Low' rating. These results suggest that while citizen commitment and a legal basis exist, significant challenges persist in the practical execution and effective enforcement of animal protection laws.