CERVICAL CANCER

Cervical cancer ranks among the most prevalent gynecological cancers affecting women, notably in India, presenting a significant public health challenge. It is primarily caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV-16 and HPV-18, often transmitted through sexually transmitted infections. Detectable and treatable at precancerous stages, cervical cancer's incidence peaks between 55-59 years, with many cases diagnosed late in disease progression. Risk factors include early sexual activity, teenage pregnancy, family history, and oral contraceptive use. Effective measures include prophylactic vaccines targeting HPV-16 and 18, which are beneficial for individuals without prior HPV infection.