Asaphes suspensus

Asaphes suspensus (Nees, 1834) Fig. 3 Chrysolampus suspensus Nees, 1834: 127; McMullen 1966: 236–239; Graham 1969: 82–83; Gibson and Vikberg 1998: 230–236; Xiao and Huang 2000: 194–195; Huang and Xiao 2005: 273–274. Chrysolampus altiventris Nees, 1834: 127. Synonymized by Graham 1969: 82. Pteromalus petioliventris Zetterstedt, 1838: 429. Synonymized by Graham 1969: 82. Chrysolampus aphidiphagus Ratzeburg, 1844: 181. Synonymized by Graham 1969: 82. Chrysolampus aphidicola Rondani, 1848: 19–21. Synonymized by Bouček 1974: 244. Euplectrus lucens Provancher, 1887: 207. Synonymized by Gibson and Vikberg 1998: 231. Asaphes rufipes Brues, 1908: 160. Synonymized by Gibson and Vikberg 1998: 231. Megorismus fletcheri Crawford, 1909: 98. Synonymized by Gibson and Vikberg 1998: 231. Asaphes americana Girault, 1914: 114. Synonymized by Gibson and Vikberg 1998: 231. Pachycrepoides indicus Bhatnagar, 1952: 160–163. Synonymized by Gibson and Vikberg 1998: 231. Asaphes sawraji Sharma & Subba Rao, 1959: 181. Synonymized by Bouček et al. 1979: 436. Pachyneuron uniarticulata Mani & Saraswat, 1974: 96–98. Synonymized by Bouček et al. 1979: 436. Material examined. China, Xinjiang: Altay Prefecture, Qin Li group • 2 ♀; Altay City; 47 ° 40 ' 16 " N, 88 ° 01 ' 16 " E; 710 m; 12 Jul 2020 • 1 ♀; Fuyun County; 47 ° 01 ' 49 " N, 89 ° 53 ' 46 " E; 1360 m; 11 Jul 2020 • 1 ♀; Qinghe County; 46 ° 41 ' 31 " N, 90 ° 21 ' 28 " E; 1240 m; 10 Jul 2020 • 1 ♀; Qinghe County; 46 ° 92 ' 88 " N, 90 ° 01 ' 62 " E; 1427 m; 6 Jul 2021. Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Hongying Hu group • 1 ♀ 1 ♂; Bohu County; 42 ° 02 ' 63 " N, 86 ° 66 ' 48 " E; 1053 m; 7 Aug 2010 • 1 ♀; Yuli County; 41 ° 39 ' 01 " N, 86 ° 25 ' 01 " E; 871 m; 5 Aug 2010 • 2 ♀; Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Bole City; 44 ° 87 ' 72 " N, 82 ° 14 ' 60 " E; 405 m; 30 Jun 2021; Qin Li group. Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Hongying Hu research group • 1 ♀; Mulei Kazakh Autonomous County; 43 ° 98 ' 32 " N, 90 ° 37 ' 70 " E; 1219 m; 30 Jul 2012 • 2 ♀ 4 ♂; Qitai County; 43 ° 95 ' 16 " N, 89 ° 52 ' 85 " E; 833 m; 29 Jul 2012 • 1 ♀; Qitai County; 43 ° 58 ' 27 " N, 89 ° 78 ' 10 " E; 847 m; 29 Jul 2012. Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Hongying Hu research group • 1 ♀; Huocheng County; 44 ° 06 ' 76 " N, 80 ° 85 ' 81 " E; 661 m; 22 Jun 2010 • 1 ♀; Tekes County; 43 ° 23 ' 25 " N, 81 ° 84 ' 36 " E; 1865 m; 27 Jul 2010. Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Qin Li research group • 2 ♀; Gongliu County; 43 ° 22 ' 60 " N, 82 ° 72 ' 09 " E; 1137 m; 10 Jul 2021 • 2 ♀ 3 ♂; Huocheng County; 43 ° 94 ' 47 " N, 80 ° 87 ' 04 " E; 515 m; 5 Jul 2021 • 1 ♀; Tekes County; 43 ° 22 ' 19 " N, 81 ° 88 ' 88 " E; 1201 m; 8 Jul 2021 • 2 ♂; Kashgar Prefecture, Artux City; 39 ° 69 ' 49 " N, 76 ° 20 ' 23 " E; 1303 m; 22 Jun 2008; Hongying Hu research group • 1 ♀; Tarbagatay Prefecture, Wusu County; 44 ° 00 ' 43 " N, 84 ° 95 ' 34 " E; 1908 m; 25 Jul 2013; Hongying Hu research group • 1 ♂; Urumqi, Tianshan District; 43 ° 77 ' 49 " N, 87 ° 62 ' 07 " E; 928 m; 17 Apr 2007; Hongying Hu research group. Diagnosis. Female. Antenna (Fig. 3 I) with combined length of pedicel and flagellum less than head width; pedicel at most 1.6–1.8 × as long as wide; funiculars subquadrate, broadly joined, and each with one line of sensilla; fu 4 0.8 × as long as broad. Head in dorsal view (Fig. 3 E) with shallow emargination between inner orbits; eye length 2.3–2.8 × temple length. Frenum smooth and shiny (Fig. 3 F); metapleuron bare. Metatibia 6.2–6.8 × times as long as wide. Fore wing (Fig. 3 G) with speculum indistinct; marginal vein 0.6–0.8 × as long as postmarginal vein and stigmal vein 3.3–4.0 × as long uncus. Legs (Fig. 3 B) more or less uniformly light-colored, yellowish. Petiole (Fig. 3 A, F) at least quadrate and usually slightly longer (1.1 ×) than wide. Gaster 1.9 × as long as broad (Fig. 3 A). Male. Color pattern brighter than female, and pedicel and flagellum yellowish brown (Fig. 3 H, J). Antenna (Fig. 3 J) with combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.9 × head width; pedicel 1.8 × as long as wide; funicle with all segments slightly transverse; clava 2.3 × longer than wide. Petiole (Fig. 3 K) 1.2 × as long as wide, entirely reticulate with longitudinal carinae. Gaster (Fig. 3 H, K) ovate, Gt 1 L 1.1 × as long as Gt 2 L. Otherwise similar to female. Distribution. China (Xinjiang, Beijing, Fujian, Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jilin, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan). Palearctic region and Nearctic region (Noyes 2019). Hosts. Usually a hyperparasitoid of aphids through Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera) primary parasitoids, and rarely parasites Psylla Geoffroy, 1762 (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (Gibson and Vikberg 1998). Comments. The morphological features of our specimens fit within the limits described for A. suspensus by Gibson and Vikberg (1998); they described the length of the pedicel as at most 2 × as long as wide, whereas the pedicel of our measured specimens was at most 1.8 × as long as wide.