Dietary Supplements for Men and Women Aged 40+: An Academic Approach to Health Optimization and Long-Term Preventive Care

The age of 40 and beyond marks a critical transition period in human physiology and metabolic function, particularly in hormone levels, systemic aging, and vulnerability to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Dietary supplementation during this stage should focus on preventive care and physiological balance for both men and women. This article outlines the key vitamins and minerals recommended for supplementation, highlights the synergistic or antagonistic interactions between nutrients, and presents timing strategies for optimal intake. An appendix is included to address specific considerations for physically active individuals and those using L-Carnitine supplements, aiming to support more tailored and effective health management.