Digital Transformation in Circular Supply Chains: Driving Collaborative Sustainability and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation

Abstract Digital technologies are increasingly seen as catalysts for more sustainable and efficient supply chain models, particularly in the context of the circular economy. This study investigates the role of blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and AI-driven analytics in fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration—ranging from suppliers and manufacturers to recyclers and logistics partners—and analyses the resultant effects on carbon footprint reduction. By synthesizing insights from peer-reviewed literature, industry case studies, and practical field reports, the paper illustrates how these digital platforms enhance data transparency, process coordination, and real-time decision-making across complex supply chain ecosystems (World Economic Forum, 2021; European Commission, 2023). Quantitative assessments reveal notable greenhouse gas (GHG) emission decreases—often exceeding double-digit percentages—when circular supply chain strategies are coupled with robust digital infrastructures (Bocken et al., 2016; UNEP, 2020). These findings emphasize the transformative potential of digital innovation in creating resilient, collaborative, and environmentally accountable networks that align operational objectives with broader sustainability goals.