Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Histopathology, Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, Treatment and Surgical Oncology of Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide, occurred in an entire manner by human papillomavirus (HPV). High-risk types of HPV can result in cervical intraepithelial lesions which, over time, can promote to cervical cancer. In the United States and other developed countries, most screening and early detection efforts involve HPV testing and Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. HPV testing recognizes exposure to both low- as well as high-risk types of HPV, whereas Pap smears recognize abnormal cytology. The majority of cervical cancer cases can be avoided. For cervical cancer, primary prevention and screening are the most efficient ways to lower the disease's mortality and healthcare burden. Since 2006, HPV vaccination has been available to inhibit cervical cancer. Interprofessional team members must educate young female patients (ideally, prior to initiating sexual activity) and their families regarding the highly effectiveness of this vaccine. This activity provides information on current staging, screening recommendations, diagnostic examinations, primary prevention efforts, and particular treatment modalities for invasive cervical cancer.