Pathogenic Bacteria Caused Urinary Tract Infections: A Review

The urinary system is one of the most vital organs susceptible to infection; especially bacterial ones. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) mean colonization of urinary tracts by pathogenic microorganisms leading to inflammation of urinary system. In this study, we review the basic concepts of the most important pathogenic microbes infected this system. Enterobacteriaceae is a large group of Gram-negative bacillus bacteria that are naturally found as commensals in the intestine and are pathogenic and opportunistic, exploiting any opportunity to cause many infections, and they are the main cause of urinary tract infections. Uropathogenic E. coli strain causes approximately 90% of UTIs. Besides, Klebsiella pneumoniae represents most important pathogenic bacteria causing diseases, especially UTIs in children. It was found, that severity of this infection mainly related with virulence of causative bacteria as well as the host’s immune system.