The Political Views of Mahatma Gandhi: A Brief Outline

ABSTRACT Mahatma Gandhi, one of the 20th century's most influential leaders, transformed India's struggle for independence and reshaped global political and ethical paradigms. His political philosophy, a synthesis of Eastern and Western ideologies, centered on morality, religion, truth, and non-violence as essential elements of political life. For Gandhi, politics was not merely a pursuit of power or governance; it was a tool for moral and spiritual progress, both at the individual and societal levels. Central to Gandhi’s philosophy was the concept of Dharmik Rajniti, or ethical politics, which underscored the inseparability of ethics and politics. He envisioned a political system where truth and non-violence guided decision-making, and leaders prioritized the welfare of all, especially the marginalized. Gandhi’s critique of Western civilization highlighted its materialistic tendencies, contrasting it with what he viewed as the spiritual and ethical foundations of Indian culture. He believed that true progress was not measured by industrial or technological advancements but by the moral development of individuals and the harmony within society. Gandhi also championed political equality, advocating for the eradication of caste discrimination, untouchability, and economic disparities. He emphasized Swaraj (self-rule) as both a political objective and a broader philosophy of self-reliance, responsibility, and ethical living. Religion, for Gandhi, was integral to politics—not as a divisive force but as a unifying principle rooted in shared moral values and universal truths. This paper examines Gandhi's political philosophy, focusing on Dharmik Rajniti, his critique of Western civilization, his commitment to political equality, and his views on religion in politics. By exploring these dimensions, it seeks to illuminate Gandhi's enduring legacy and the relevance of his principles in addressing contemporary political and ethical challenges.