Neuroprotective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Dracaena Reflexa Leaves in An Aluminum Chloride-Induced Alzheimer's Model in Mice

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness marked by the deterioration and eventual death of neurons in various brain areas, leading to memory loss, cognitive decline, language difficulties, problems with daily functioning and no effective disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Dracaena reflexa, with in vitro anticholinesterase inhibition, its phytoconstituent tetracosane inhibiting beta amyloid aggregation, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, shows promise for Alzheimer’s disease.This study is designed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Dracaena reflexa in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease using an Aluminium chloride induced AD model in mice. In Swiss albino mice, 150 mg/kg of AlCl3 was administered to generate an Alzheimer’s model, causing neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment, followed by two doses of hydroalcoholic extract of Dracaena reflexa alongside AlCl3 for 4 weeks. When evaluated through different memory, cognition and biochemical tests, it was found that hydroalcoholic extract of Dracaena reflexa could prevent or reverse the neurodegeneration caused by AlCl3 in Swiss albino mice. Improved histology appearance and increased neuroregeneration in the mice also substantiate the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Dracaena reflexa leaves. Besides the elevated level of serotonin, GSH, catalase and reduced level of MDA, AChE level in the brain homogenate of the treated mice indicates its neuroprotective potential. Our experimental data suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Dracaena reflexa prevented the neurodegeneration in the brain and also produced memory and cognition improvement.