Assessing Diagnostic Accuracy of FNAC of Parotid Gland to Determine its Usefulness in the Planning Surgery

Aim: The aim of the present investigation was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC, on parotid gland swellings, in order to determine its usefulness in the planning of parotid gland surgery. Methods: The Pathology Department performed this 2-year investigation with 50 patients. All patients had US-guided FNAC after clinical assessment. Only Institute-performed FNAC was examined for uniform and comparable data. A computerized database stored demographic and clinical data, including age, sex, prior surgery, timing of symptoms, cytological and histological findings, lesion location and volume, histological sample margin involvement, and relapses. Results: FNAC was taken in 50 instances. FNAC indicated “non-diagnostic” in 12 (24%), “inflammatory/beneficial lesion” in 33 (66%), and “malignant neoplasm” in 5 (10%). Pleomorphic adenoma was found in 22 individuals (55%) and Warthin’s tumor in 20 (20%). Adenocarcinoma (5%) and Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (2.50%) were the most frequent cancers. The most prevalent histological diagnosis was “benign lesion” in 35 individuals. FNAC has 82% sensitivity and 98% specificity. Overall diagnosis accuracy was 97%, with 96% accuracy for malignancy and 82% for benign lesions. FNAC malignancies PPV and NPV were 92% and 97%, respectively. The probability ratio of positive test findings was 100.3 and negative test results was 0.17, where “positive” indicated “malignant”. 0.112 percent had cancer. Conclusion: Our research demonstrates that preoperative FNAC aids parotid tumor diagnosis. It diagnoses and treats parotid cancers safely and effectively. Fine needle aspiration cytology is safe, cost-effective, and simple.