Analysis and Investigation of the Moment Effect of Walking on a Hybrid Rough Surface and Walking of a Transtibial Amputee While Walking on a Slope with a Unity Suspension System

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the moment effects experienced during walking on hybrid rough surfaces and slope walking by transtibial amputees using a unity suspension system. The research investigates the mechanical behavior and gait dynamics, focusing on the interaction between the prosthetic limb and uneven terrains. By comparing the moments generated at the knee and ankle joints during level-ground and slope walking, the study highlights how the hybrid surface affects stability, load distribution, and energy consumption. Special attention is given to the unity suspension system, which provides enhanced vacuum-assisted suspension to maintain socket fit and limb control. In this regard, this study investigated the effect of momentary training on the surface (uneven-inclined) on biomechanical parameters such as force, the angular velocity of the knee joint, torque, and strength of the knee joint of below-the-knee amputation patients. This study aims to determine the effect of uneven, sloping surfaces on kinetic and kinematic quantities after short walking on a flat surface. Knee joint design can significantly improve gait quality, and there is limited information to guide selection. This study was conducted as a case study on two below-the-knee amputee patients. A wearable sensor with a load cell extracted the amputated knee joint's kinetic data (force, torque, power). In this regard, KINOVEA software has been used to extract kinematic data (frequency of changes in the knee joint angle and angular velocity, flexion, and extension of the amputated knee joint). After the initial pre-processing, the extracted data has been analyzed and compared using statistical methods. In the research, our findings have shown statistically significant changes. These findings have implications for optimizing prosthetic components to improve mobility and comfort for individuals with transtibial amputations.