CRISPR and Cancer: The Promise and Challenges of Gene Editing

CRISPR-Cas9 technology has transformed the landscape of genetic research, particularly in the field of cancer, where it holds potential as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool. This review discusses the mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas9 and its variants, explores its applications in cancer therapy, and examines the significant achievements in preclinical studies. We also analyze the challenges facing CRISPR’s adoption in cancer treatment, including off-target effects, delivery difficulties, and ethical concerns. Despite these obstacles, advancements in CRISPR technology offer a promising future for cancer therapy, opening possibilities for precise, targeted genetic interventions.