Risk Factors for Meconium-Stained Liquor and Outcome of the Neonate in Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid

Background: Meconium-stained liquor (MSL) is a common occurrence during labor that can significantly impact neonatal outcomes. This study aims to identify maternal risk factors associated with MSL and evaluate their effects on neonates. Methods: About 100 pregnant women with MSL participated in a Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital retrospective observational study from August 2023 to December 2023. Maternal demographics, risk factors, and neonatal outcomes, including Apgar scores, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) incidence, and NICU admission, were gathered. Results: Post-term pregnancy (25%) and maternal hypertension (20%) were the most common risk factors in 100 cases. Meconium was thick in 35% of instances. Neonatal outcomes showed 25% had poor Apgar scores, 10% had MAS, and 20% had respiratory distress. 18% of newborns needed NICU hospitalization, highlighting the link between thick meconium and unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion: The study highlights the significant impact of maternal risk factors, particularly post-term pregnancy and hypertension, on neonatal outcomes in cases of MSL. Timely identification and management of these risk factors are essential to improve neonatal health and reduce complications.