Euura parvilabris

123 Euura parvilabris (Thomson, 1863) Figs 119, 363 Nematus parvilabris Thomson, 1863: 638. Lectotype designated below. Pontania birulae Konow, 1907: 19–20, 24, pl. 1. Lectotype designated below. Syn. nov. Pteronidea nubium Benson, 1935: 28, 30. Syn. nov. Pachynematus abstrusus Lindqvist, 1949: 83–84. Synonymy by Lindqvist (1954). Pteronidea roberti Lindqvist, 1958: 117. Holotype ♀ (BMNH), not examined. Type locality: Sweden, Torne Lappmark, Låktatjokka. We examined a paratype ♀ in MZH (http://id.luomus.fi/GL.5137). Syn. nov. Diagnosis Small (4–5 mm), mostly black, with narrow and rather short valvula 3 in dorsal view. Most similar to E. punctifrons and E. uda, from which females of E. parvilabris are most easily distinguishable by their bifid claws (not clearly bifid but with small or large subapical tooth in E. uda and small subapical tooth in E. punctifrons). Male penis valves of these three species are clearly different from each other, E. parvilabris having a significantly shorter penis valve (0.9–1.0 mm), whereas 1.2–1.3 mm in E. punctifrons and E. uda. Penis valve of E. parvilabris is most similar to E. fuscodorsata, which is however much paler than E. parvilabris. Female 4.5–5.0 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen black; labrum brown or pale; clypeus partly pale or brown; tegula black to pale; pterostigma uniformly pale; metafemur apically slightly pale; metatibia pale; hind tarsus brown or pale; tergum 10, hypopygium posteriorly and valvifer 2 mostly black to extensively brown or pale; mesepisternum smooth or slightly matt; claws bifid; valvula 3 in dorsal view thin and acute at apex. Male 4.0– 4.5 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen black; labrum black or brown; pterostigma uniformly pale or with dark margins; metafemur black or slightly apically pale; metatibia brown; hind tarsus black or brown; sternum 9 black or slightly brown; mesepisternum smooth or slightly matt; hind claws (usually?) bifid, fore and middle claws with small subapical tooth or bifid. Type material examined Lectotype Nematus parvilabris, here designated SWEDEN – Jämtland • ♀; Kälahög; A.G. Dahlbom leg.; MZLU, MZLU2017336. Lectotype Pontania birulae, here designated RUSSIA – Yakutia • ♂; New Siberian Islands; 75.0° N, 149.0° E; 12–28 Jun. 1902; A.A. Birula leg.; SDEI, GBIF-GISHym3857. Paralectotypes Nematus parvilabris RUSSIA – Yakutia • 2 ♀♀; New Siberian Islands; 75.0° N, 149.0° E; 12–28 Jun. 1902; A.A. Birula leg.; SDEI, GBIF-GISHym3858, GBIF-GISHym3859 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; SDEI, GBIFGISHym3856. Holotype Pteronidea nubium UNITED KINGDOM – Scotland • ♀; Breadalbane Mts; above 610 m a.s.l.; 7–14 Jun. 1932; R.B. Benson leg.; BMNH, B.M.TYPEHYM.1.637. Holotype Pachynematus abstrusus SWEDEN – Torne Lappmark • ♀; Abisko; 68.35° N, 18.83° E; 1939; R. Krogerus leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.5144. Paratype Pteronidea roberti SWEDEN – Torne Lappmark • ♀; Riksgränsen; 68.43° N, 18.12° E; 11–12 Jul. 1954; R.B. and J.E.Benson leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.5137. Host plants Salix herbacea L. A female (ZMUO.063345) was used for ex ovo rearing on Salix herbacea. Since we could not exclude the possibility of the presence of eggs or young larvae of other species in the rearing bucket (containing numerous Salix herbacea taken in the field), we confirmed the identity of one of the larvae by sequencing (ZMUO.064850). The species might have a second generation in favourable conditions, because one male (ZMUO.064859) emerged only about three weeks after the ex ovo experiment. Genetics COI Based on 9 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 2.74% and the nearest neighbours, diverging by a minimum of 1.83%, are Euura leptostigma and E. leucopyga. Nuclear Based on 8 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 0.46% (0.3% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 1.05%, is Euura excisa. Distribution and material examined Holarctic. Specimens studied are from Finland, Norway, and Sweden.