The diversity and breeding potential of G. hirsutum L. genotypes based on the Uzbekistan cotton gene bank collection

This article aimed to assess the genetic and selection potential of varietal diversity of tetraploid cultivated species of genus Gossypium L. from various ecological and geographical groups. The article presents data from the results of comparative studies of some morpho-yield traits, such as the boll weight cotton and 1000 seed weight, the length and fiber yield of 2308 samples of G.hirsutum L. belonging to 7 ecotypes from 64 countries. For study samples of the Central Asian ecotype, the boll weight was 5.4-6.3 g, for the Asian ecotype 5.7-6.9 g, for the Eurasian ecotype 3.5-5.7 g, for the European ecotype 3.8-6.4 g, in the American ecotype 5.5-6.4 g, in the African ecotype 5.5-6.5 g, in the Australian ecotype 5.4-7.1 g, also the highest figure was found among Australian samples ecotype. Regarding 1000 seed weight, the highest values were observed in samples of Asian ecotypes 123.0-140.0 g, and African ecotypes 106.0-139.0 g. Presents fiber length for samples of the Central Asian ecotype was 30.2-32.5 mm, for samples of the Asian ecotype 28.7-33.7 mm, for samples of the Eurasian ecotype 26.3-32.8 mm, for samples of the European ecotype 25.0- 35.0 mm, for samples of the American ecotype 29.9-32.9 mm, for samples of the African ecotype 30.0-32.4 mm, for samples of the Australian ecotype 30.2-33.8 mm. The highest rate was found in samples of the European ecotype. Regarding fiber yield, the highest indicators were observed in samples of Central Asian 34.0-38.1 %, European 34.2-40.8%, and American ecotypes 35.9-39.5 %. As a result of studies to assess the economically valuable traits of the world diversity of G. hirsutum L. samples, it was revealed that the highest indicators in traits of boll weight are observed in samples of the Australian ecotype, weight of 1000 seeds in samples of the Asian, fiber length samples of the African ecotypes and fiber yield in European ecotypes. Selected collection samples are recommended for use in cotton breeding.