A Review on Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, resulting from insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, or both. This overview provides an in-depth examination of DM, including its definition, classification, diagnosis, prevention, and management. The classification section explores Type 1, Type 2, gestational, and other specific types of diabetes. Diagnosis methods, including venous plasma glucose and HbA1c tests, are discussed. Prevention strategies, such as physical activity and diet and lifestyle modifications, are outlined. Management options, including insulin therapy, oral medications, and monitoring and follow-up, are comprehensively reviewed. This overview aims to provide a thorough understanding of DM, facilitating effective prevention, diagnosis, and management of the disease.