Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems

AbstractThe rising global energy demand and the imperative to mitigate climate change have driventhe growth of renewable energy sources, with solar photovoltaic (PV) systems being aleading solution. This research explores the design and analysis of a grid-connected solar PVsystem, focusing on optimal system configuration, performance analysis, and energy outputunder variable conditions. The study begins with an examination of high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon PV modules and the application of string inverters, chosen for their costeffectiveness and suitability for residential use. Advanced grid synchronization techniques,including phase-locked loop (PLL) methods, ensure seamless integration with the utility grid,maintaining power quality and stability. Simulations conducted using MATLAB/Simulinkprovided insights into the system’s behaviour under different solar irradiance and temperaturescenarios, Results indicate that the system is capable of generating a significant portion of theenergy required for residential loads, achieving peak performance under optimal weatherconditions. The simulations also demonstrated that the system's efficiency declined in highertemperature environments, aligning with known characteristics of silicon-based PV cells.Economically, the study highlighted that the initial investment can be recovered within a fewyears through reduced energy bills. This research underscores the potential of grid-connectedsolar PV systems as a practical and sustainable energy solution and suggests that furtherexploration of energy storage could bolster grid reliability and system performance.Keywords- Grid-connected solar PV system,Performance analysis,Phot