Nano Technology In Cancer Treatment

Cancer is one of the primarily reasons of death worldwide and advanced techniques for therapy are urgently needed. The major aim of most nanocarrier applications has been to protect the drug from rapid degradation after device delivery and permitting it to reach tumour site at therapeutic concentrations, meanwhile averting drug delivery to normal sites as much as possible to reduce destructive effects. Cancer is a leading cause of death and negative quality of life globally. Even though numerous techniques are devised to reduce deaths, reduce chronic pain and improve the quality of life, there stays shortfall in the adequacies of these cancer therapies. Among the cardinal steps towards ensuring optimal cancer treatment are early detection of cancer cells and drug application with high unique it to reduce toxicities. Due to increased device toxicities and refractoriness with traditional cancer diagnostic and therapeutic tools, other strategies which include nanotechnology are being employed to improve diagnosis and mitigate disease severity. Over the years, immunotherapeutic agents based on nanotechnology have been used for several cancer types to reduce the invasiveness of cancerous cells while sparing healthy cells at the target site. Nanomaterials which includecarbon nanotubes, polymeric micelles and liposomes have been used in cancer drug design where they have shown considerable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic benefits in cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we outline the commonly used nanomaterials which are employed in cancer diagnosis and therapy. We have highlighted the suitability of these nanomaterials for cancer management based on their physicochemical and biological properties. We further reviewed the challenges that are related to with the various nanomaterials which limit their uses and abate their translatability into the scientific setting in certain cancer types.