A Comprehensive Review on The Pharmacological Potential of Salvia Splendens

Salvia splendens Linn. (Family: Lamiaceae), also referred to as "red sage" or "scarlet sage," has long been utilized in traditional medicine systems to treat a variety of illnesses. Brazil and several other Asian nations, including China and India, are home to S. splendens plants. The most significant family of medicinal plants, Lamiaceae (Labiatae), has been utilized in traditional medicine to treat cardiac problems. Essential oils, extracts, or separated components (polyphenols, phenolic compounds, terpenes, iridoids, etc.) are utilized from these primarily fragrant plants. The mechanism of action against cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia, thromboembolism, coronary heart disease, heart failure, venous insufficiency, and arrhythmia) as well as the cardioprotective effects of Lamiaceae and their active secondary metabolites will be covered in this review. Using labiatae as food or as food additions (like spices) may lower the risk of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular illnesses. The article also includes a description of this strategy. Research on creating novel, safe, and effective natural products from the Lamiaceae family—a rich source of flavonoids and other active compounds—is encouraging and could help patients with heart disease and other associated conditions avoid or treat their condition. Salvia splendens methanolic extracts' chemical characteristics, with a focus on their cytotoxic, antifungal, and antioxidant properties.