Study on factors affecting early implant failure in elderly patients

[Objective] To investigate the influencing factors of early implant failure in elderly patients and provide scientific basis for clinical prevention of early implant failure in elderly patients. [Methods] A case-control study was conducted to retrospectively collect the data of elderly patients who underwent strychmann system implantation surgery in the Department of Stomatology, Beijing Daxing District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2007 to December 2023. Thirty-four patients aged ≥ 60 years, with complete medical records and early implant failure were selected as the case group, and 136 patients aged ≥60 years who were randomly matched with the same surgeon, the same period, and the same surgical method without early implant failure were selected as the control group according to a frequency of 1∶4. Univariate comparisons and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen factors influencing early implant failure in elderly patients. [Results] Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between groups in smoking status, bone density classification, and healing protocol（P<0.05）. Substituting the statistically significant factors into binary unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that bone density was an independent factor for early implant failure in elderly patients. [Conclusion] Alveolar bone density classification is an important factor affecting early implant failure in elderly patients, of which Class I bone density is an independent risk factor; for Class Ⅳ alveolar bone quality, corresponding active clinical measures can reduce the risk of early implant failure.