Expropriation, Valuation and Compensation of Unregistered Communal Peri-Urban Land in Zimbabwe

Context and background Over the years there has been an increase in studies on expropriation and compensation in Zimbabwe. However, there are limited studies on expropriation and compensation for peri-urban communal land. Goal and Objectives: This paper examines the existing legal framework governing expropriation and compensation for peri-urban communal properties in Zimbabwe, identifying gaps or deficiencies. By proposing potential solutions to these shortcomings, the paper seeks to contribute to developing more equitable and effective policies in this area. Given the limited research on compensation for peri-urban properties in Zimbabwe, this study also aims to expand the existing body of literature on expropriation and compensation. Methodology: The paper is based on the social interpretivism paradigm, the qualitative research approach and the case study research design. Data were collected through statutory reviews and key informant interviews with central government and rural district council officials, elected councillors and traditional leaders. A combination of systematic content and thematic analysis was used during data analysis and coding was done manually. Results: Key findings revealed inadequacies and misalignments between the legal provisions of the Constitution of Zimbabwe, the Communal Land Act and the Land Acquisition Act. The paper recommends harmonizing existing valuation laws for expropriated communal land and developing specific valuation procedures tailored to peri-urban communal properties. This would ensure that affected communal landholders receive fair and equitable compensation for their expropriated land.