Molecular Basis of Bruxism

Bruxism is a disorder characterized by involuntary teeth grinding or clenching, which can lead to dental wear, myalgia, and headaches. It is a condition with a multifactorial etiology, including environmental, psychological, and genetic factors. Research focuses on the potential genetic predisposition of bruxism by examining the association of specific genes, such as DRD2, COMT, MMP9, and ANKK1, with the onset and severity of the disorder. Studies indicate that genetic variations affect the secretion and metabolism of dopamine and serotonin, which are involved in motor control regulation and stress response. Diagnosing bruxism requires objective methods such as electromyography and polysomnography, while treatment approaches include medication, occlusal splints, and psychological support. In conclusion, genetics play a significant role in bruxism, although further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms.