The Effects of Equal Opportunity Fairness and Diversity on Work Group Efficacy, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment in the Military: A Test of Structural Invariance

The purpose of the present study was to test the invariance of a structural equation model of equal opportunity fairness (EOF) in the U.S. military across ethnic and gender groups. Military Equal Opportunity Climate Survey (MEOCS) data drawn from four distinct sociocultural groups in the military were tested on a model that fit the MEOCS data drawn from a sample of White men. A series of multi-group analyses was conducted on the established structural model using LISREL 8 (Joreskog & Sorbom, 1996) to determine whether data from sociocultural groups other than White males would fit a White male model. Further comparison analyses were conducted when the target data did not fit the original model. Measurement invariance was found for the measure tested, but structural invariance was not.