Concepts for innovative measuring methods to monitor EMF exposure evolution

Monitoring the evolution of exposure to EMF caused by mobile communication systems is a continuous requirement for a responsible operation of these networks. However, measurements performed by qualified personnel with professional equipment are expensive and time-consuming and can only be carried out for a limited number of discrete points in space and time. In this paper, we suggest two innovative concepts for exposure monitoring. The first is based on a software-defined dosimeter whose parameters can be easily adapted to the needs of future network standards. The second employs a crowd sourcing approach using usual mobile phones and their on-board capability of monitoring relevant network parameters for generating immission-related data.