Review of Epidemiology and Antifungal Susceptibility of non-Candida albicans species in Iran

Background: Candidiasis is among the most widespread infections caused by fungi species. Although C. albicans still serves as the primary source of this infection, the occurrence and antifungal resistance of non-Candida albicans species seem to be increasing. Materials and Methods: The data was gathered from multiple sources across Pubmed and Google Scholar using candidiasis, anti-fungal resistance, epidemiology, non-Candida albicans species, and Iran. Different types of articles from 2016 to 2024 regarding candidiasis in various regions of Iran and cases of resistant non-Candida albicans species were included. Results: In this review article, we analyzed the susceptibility of non-Candida albicans species to multiple anti-fungal agents and observed variable resistance patterns to commonly used agents. However, fluconazole showed resistance more often than other agents, and amphotericin B showed the least amount of resistance overall. Conclusion: This study aimed to demonstrate the importance of geographical factors and causative species in Iran's resistance pattern and treatment of candidiasis. This can help medical practitioners prescribe the optimum therapeutic agent for candidiasis patients.