Coordinated low-carbon economic dispatch of multi-regional rural energy systems based on Nash bargaining

Energy systems face several challenges， including low energy utilization efficiency， high carbon emissions， and energy transitions. Integrated energy systems （IES） in rural areas play a significant role in addressing these issues. This paper proposes a coordinated low-carbon economic dispatch strategy for multi-regional rural energy systems. First， a novel architecture for multi-regional rural IES is established， analyzing the collaborative and complementary mechanisms among regions. Models for mass， energy， and carbon trading are then developed. Next， the thermal load in the anaerobic fermentation process is accurately modeled， and a variable-temperature fermentation model is constructed. An optimization mechanism that incorporates carbon quotas and carbon trading is also introduced to reduce carbon emissions. Finally， a cooperative operation model for multi-regional energy systems is developed based on Nash bargaining theory， and the alternating direction method of multipliers （ADMM） is applied for distributed solving， effectively preserving the privacy of individual entities. Simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy reduces the overall operational cost of the energy system by 16.9% and decreases carbon emissions by 7.5%， demonstrating its effectiveness.