Strengthening Ethiopia’s Health Information System: A Journey to Unified DHIS2

Abstract Background: Since 2008, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health (MOH) has used a Health Management Information System (HMIS) for evidence-based decision-making. However, having two different HMIS versions created significant challenges due to a lack of integration and interoperability, leading to data confusion and analysis complications. To address these challenges, the FMOH transitioned to Digital Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) in 2017 to improve data integration and analysis across all regions and programs. Objective: This case study presents the pathways the MOH and its strategic partners have traveled to implement unified DHIS2 in Ethiopia’s health sector. Methods: Implementing a unified national health information system demands a strong commitment and collaboration among all stakeholders. Key success factors for implementing DHIS 2 in Ethiopia include the selection and customization of tools, stakeholder engagement, building strong institutional capacity, and establishing effective governance mechanisms at all levels. Results: Challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, a shortage of trained personnel, poor data quality, and the integration of various health programs into DHIS2 persist and need to be addressed for the sustainable implementation of a unified DHIS2 within the health system. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2024; 38(SI-2)] Keywords: DHIS2, HMIS, HIS, Health Sector, Ethiopia