Research progress of biomass activated carbon regeneration technology

Biomass activated carbon regeneration technology is widely used for environmental treatment and resource recovery. Various regeneration methods are available, including thermal, chemical, microwave, electrochemical, biological, wet oxidation, supercritical fluid, and ozone regeneration. Among these methods, thermal regeneration is the most widely used. Chemical regeneration is a simple and cost-effective option. Microwave regeneration allows for accurate control of regeneration parameters and quick processing of spent activated carbon. Electrochemical regeneration can be operated at low temperatures and has good regeneration stability. Biological regeneration technology is a more environmentally friendly option as it can reduce the use of chemicals. Wet oxidation regeneration technology can treat activated carbon with less loss of quality and lower energy consumption. Supercritical fluid regeneration technology uses recyclable and non-polluting solvents. Ozone technology is another option for regenerating spent activated carbon at room temperature and pressure, which can be beneficial for the process economics. The article reviews these technologies and provides an analysis of each method′s regeneration mechanism, technical characteristics, and current research status.