Mariculture site selection based on water quality, cultivation and ecological condition

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Choosing a location for mariculture is very important because it affects water quality, while problems that affect cultivation and the environment can be avoided by choosing the right location. The objective of this study is to develop a methodological strategy for integrating and analyzing spatial data, which will facilitate the identification of optimal locations for mariculture. In this context, the ecosystem approach to mariculture is analyzed with an emphasis on evaluating water quality conditions and determining primary productivity values.METHODS: Water quality parameter data was analyzed using principal component analysis, values, and distribution of primary productivity using the kriging interpolation method using geographic information system. Spatial analysis employing Geographic Information System applications is used to evaluate the appropriateness of locations for mariculture.FINDINGS: The distribution pattern of primary productivity is strongly influenced by the distribution of phytoplankton and the highest concentration values are located in coastal waters and small islands. The analysis identified three primary components that account for 79.64 percent of the results. The most influential factors include suspended particulate matters, nitrate, temperature, salinity, ammonia, current, and water transparency. According to the study results, the principal component values indicate that the most affected regions by pollutant pressure are agricultural lands that drain into rivers and watersheds, along with coastal residential neighborhoods.CONCLUSION: The status of water quality is the main limiting factor in determining the location of mariculture, therefore it is necessary to relocate existing mariculture, improve agricultural cultivation techniques, and/or regulate the use of pesticides that not carried out during the rainy season. These findings may assist the appropriate authorities in the selection and oversight of mariculture sites. The innovative aspect of this study lies in its focus on adaptive management of sustainable marine cultivation, designed to align with regional conditions and promote ecological health alongside the socio-economic prosperity of local communities.