An unusual Late Antique Levantine amulet? A pottery star bearing PGM-like anthropomorphs with animals and (pseudo)script

Object study of a pottery amulet, ostensibly from Israel/Palestine, which came to light in a deceased estate. While its iconography suggests an origin in Late Antiquity, almost every aspect of this pendant is unexpected. Its shape – a three-armed star – lacks amuletic preced-ents. Its surfaces bear crude figurative images which seem to have been incised after the clay was fired. On one face, three male anthropomorphic figures – reminiscent of figurae magicae from the Greek Magical Papyri (PGM) in their crudeness, disposition and ambiguity – surround a central five-pointed star. On the other face appears another male anthropomorph together with two horned deer or antelopes, two canine or feline predators, and a fish; the man and the animals all seem at peace together. The bucolic scene continues onto one edge thickness, where an additional stag-like beast appears with two more of the predators. The scenes do not conform to known templates, such as the repertoire from magical gems, and resist interpretation. The two other edge thicknesses contain pseudo-inscriptions. Thermoluminescence dating (performed in 2025, seven years after the initial publication of this paper) indicates that the object was fired in 1655-1775 CE.