Elastische Mehrkörpersimulation zur Festigkeitsberechnung von Schienenfahrzeugdrehgestellen

The mass of structural components has gained substantial importance in railway vehicle technology over the last few years. The energy consumption of the railway vehicle and the wear of the railways are highly dependent on the overall weight of a railway vehicle. Therefore,the determination of fatigue strength is essential. This calculation requires realistic stress time histories, which include all the effects occurring during the lifetime. In this thesis, amethodology is applied that allows stress calculation including dynamic effects. It determines stresses at each location of the structural component and at any time step of the simulation.The power cars of the german model series 460 and the belgian model series AM 08 which arepart of the Desiro MainLine product family and their corresponding models are presented as state of the art. A verification is performed on the component level and on the system level. Afterwards, a validation of the methodology using operational measurements is executed.The application of the methodology demonstrates a very good match of coupling loads andstresses. After a successful proof of concept, several investigations are conducted to reduce the overall simulation time. The number of simulations required is reduced by using representative scenarios. These are a few well-chosen scenarios that introduce the same overall stress-levelas a long scenario determined from measurements would do. Furthermore, the degrees off reedom of the elastic multibody system are reduced. For this purpose, an eigenmode selectionis performed and only the most relevant eigenmodes are considered. Another option is presented with the concept of dynamic equivalence. It is determined whether a slight modificationof the finite-element model requires a new elastic multibody system simulation or not.Moreover, all structural components are combined into a single finite-element model insteadof several individual finite-element models for every structural component. Thus, the ModelOrder Reduction must be performed only once which reduces the overall simulation time. Another possibility arises with special structural components that are only connected to the rest of the structure at one single point. These components are attached to the rest of the model using a joint element which reduces the number of needed eigenmodes significantly.The applied methodology enables precise and efficient determination of stresses in structural components. The influence of the dynamics of structural components are considered which enables the execution of fatigue strength analyses in a more accurate and more efficient way.