Non-Pharmacological Strategies for Managing Pain and Anxiety During Invasive Nursing Procedures in Postoperative Patients: A Scoping Review

the purpose of this review is to identify and map existing research on the non-pharmacological strategies for managing pain and anxiety during invasive nursing procedures in postoperative patients. A systematic search will be conducted across key databases, including PubMed, Ebsco, ProQuest, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, to identify studies on non-pharmacological strategies for managing pain and anxiety during invasive nursing procedures in postoperative patients. The search will be limited to English-language publications from January 1, 2000, to May 1, 2025. The study selection process will follow a two-stage screening approach, involving title and abstract screening, followed by a full-text review, conducted independently by two reviewers. Data will be extracted using a standardized form, capturing study characteristics, the non-pharmacological strategies, managing pain and anxiety during invasive nursing procedures, and postoperative patients. The analysis will involve a descriptive synthesis of study characteristics, a thematic analysis of non-pharmacological strategies for managing pain and anxiety during invasive nursing procedures in postoperative patients, and a narrative synthesis to summarize trends and research gaps. Findings will be presented using tables, charts, and conceptual frameworks.