Impact Simulation Analysis of Wind Resistance Brakes on High-speed Train Aerodynamic Performance under Crosswind Conditions

Objective As the train operational speed increases, various braking methods become essential for ensuring high-speed train emergency safety braking. Wind resistance brakes, which complement wheel-rail adhesion brakes, have garnered extensive attention. The installation of wind resistance brake plates affects the train streamlined shape and can influence train operational safety under crosswind conditions. To ensure train operational safety and braking performance in high wind environments, it is necessary to thoroughly investigate the impact law of different brake plate configurations on train aerodynamic performance under crosswind conditions. Method Using three-dimensional, constant, incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and k-ε two-equation turbulence model, the influence of crosswind existence and varying brake plate heights on of high-speed train flow field and aerodynamic force are investigated. Result & Conclusion Simulation research results indicate that under crosswind conditions, the aerodynamic resistance on train carbody and brake plates increases along carbody direction, while the lateral force decreases. When the brake plate height increases from 0.5 m to 1 m, the proportion of brake plate resistance in overall resistance rises from 54.89% to 69.92%, with the maximum reaching 56 kN. The proportion of brake plate lateral force in overall lateral force is less than 1%, indicating that different brake plate heights have relatively little impact on train overall lateral force. The brake plates have a certain stopping effect on the incoming flow, and there is flow field interference between closely spaced brake plates. The influence of brake plates on lateral forces is minor. With proper preliminary design of brake plates, wind resistance brakes can be an effective train braking solution with minimal impact on train operational stability.