Analysis on Utilization Potential of Germplasm Resources of 23 Multi-Color-Flower Rapes in Tibet

【Objective】In order to fully exploit the utilization potential of rape germplasm resources in Tibet, a variety suitable for both ornamental and seed collection in plateau agricultural areas was selected.【Method】A total of 23 multi-color-flower rape materials were selected to analyze their growth periods, agronomic traits, yield traits and anthocyanin content in petals.【Result】The growth period of the tested rape was 114-131 days and flowering period was 17-37 days. The flowering period of 5 rape materials was longer than that of the control (Shanyou No. 2) and the growth period was shorter. The plant height ranged from 87.20 cm to 150.28 cm, which was lower than that of the control. The yield ranged from 763.80 kg/hm2 to 2 803.95 kg/hm2, and the yield of 4 materials was higher than that of the control. The thousand-grain weight ranged from 3.69 g to 5.73 g, and thousand-grain weights of 4 materials were more than 5.00 g. The yield was extremely correlated with plant height and thousand-grain weight, and was significantly correlated with seed number per pod. By cluster analysis, 23 materials were divided into 3 groups: the first group had high thousand-grain weight and varied flower colors, the second group had balanced characters, and the third group had polygonal-pod and longhorn-type high-yield multi-color-flower rape. The anthocyanin contents in purple, red and orange rape petals were higher.【Conclusion】All the 23 multi-color-flower rape varieties could grow and mature normally in plateau area, and showed the characteristics of plant dwarfing. In order to improve the yield of multi-color-flower rape, we should pay attention to the selection of key traits such as plant height, length of main inflorescence, effective pod number of main inflorescence, pod length, seed number per pod, thousand-grain weight, etc. Purple, red and orange rapes with high content of anthocyanin are more suitable for fresh food materials or for food and health products processing.