Sys'Noix: an innovative system for reducing inputs in walnut orchards.

As part of the Ecophyto DEPHY EXPE call for projects, the SENuRA carried out a project from 2018 to 2023, called 'Sys'Noix', the aim of which was to reduce inputs in walnut orchards, in particular the Treatment Frequency Indicator (TFI) (-100% herbicides, -50% fungicides, from -50% to -100% insecticides) while maintaining the economic sustainability of the farms. Two systems were tested, one of which, developed in this paper, involved redesigning an orchard of the Lara variety by installing physical barriers. The study showed that it is possible to grow walnut trees under rain covers and insect proof nets while reducing the TFI. Good results were obtained on bacterial and fungal necroses, climatic events and yields, while mixed results were observed on insect pests. However, the high cost of the infrastructure raises questions as to whether it can be installed on a large scale or not.