Collision Load Analysis for Topology Optimization: An Object-oriented Parametric Micromobility Vehicle Model

As cities strive for more sustainable and efficient urban mobility, micromobility vehicles offer a promising solution to complement public transportation networks. However, existing rental e-scooter systems face challenges such as inefficient redistribution and charging logistics. To address these issues, a partially autonomous micromobility vehicle concept is proposed, where autonomy is limited to redistribution and self-charging operations. For autonomous functionality, a stable three-wheeled design is adopted to enhance balance and control. To further advance the automation of the design process, this study presents a workflow that integrates collision load analysis with topology optimization. This approach enables the automated generation and structural optimization of vehicle components derived directly from the kinematic model, ensuring lightweight, high-performance designs tailored to real-world load conditions.