Effects of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury on distal organ function

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury firstly causes damage to the intestine itself. After the intestinal barrier and function are impaired, bacteria, metabolites and endotoxins in the intestine will enter the portal system through the damaged intestinal mucosa, and then participate in the systemic microcirculatory system through the liver to act on the distal organs. This leads to further damage and induces reperfusion syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS), which can lead to death in severe cases.