NIH quality assessment of Included observational cohort, cross-sectional, case control case series studies.

<p>The methodological soundness of the included studies was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) checklist criteria. Studies were rated as poor, fair, or good based on specific questions tailored to study type. Observational cohorts and cross-sectional studies were assessed on a 0–14 scale, case-control studies on a 0–12 scale, and case series on a 0–9 scale. Detailed checklist results for all studies are available in S2 Table.</p> <p>(DOCX)</p>