Mechanism Construction and Path Optimization for Selecting and Training Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teachers under "National Excellent Teachers Program"

"National Excellent Teachers Program" is an essential way for building a high-quality, professional and innovative science teacher workforce. It will have a profound impact on the independent training of top-notch innovative talents and the long-term development of new quality productive forces. Using the text analysis method and the collaborative theory, the relevant policy texts of 30 pilot universities of "National Excellent Teachers Program" were coded and analyzed. The research found that during the selection stage, the pilot universities established a three-dimensional evaluation criteria for the coexistence of science and technology knowledge and scientific literacy, political morality and educational commitment, as well as teaching potential and comprehensive competencies. They adopted a collaborative evaluation system characterized by internal consistency, cooperation, quality and efficiency enhancement to achieve the goal of selecting excellent students fit for teaching. During the cultivation stage, the pilot universities adopted a "U-G-S" (University-Government-School) co-llaborative model. This approach ensures a balanced emphasis on teacher preparation and academic rigor through the collaborative operation of academic organizations, coordinate the development of supporting policies to promote sustainable professional development, and cooperate with primary and secondary schools to cultivate theoretical and practical abilities. However, in practice, there are coordination dilemmas such as the need to improve the matching between multidimensional evaluation criteria and professional evaluation ability, strengthen the two-way feedback between evaluation results and training process, deepen the cooperation of multi-cultivation subjects, and pay attention to the convergence and implementation of supporting policies. To address these issues, future iterations of the "National Excellent Teachers Program" should realize the coordination between the applicants' personal development and the expectations of the university and the country, the "multi-tutor system" and the collaborative training of comprehensive ability, so as to link the selection with training based on evaluation, and find a strong support for teacher education.