Culturally Sensitive Approaches in Psychosocial Interventions to Enhance Well-Being of Immigrant Adults Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

Objective: The objective is to synthesize the literature on culturally sensitive approaches in psychosocial interventions to enhance the well-being of immigrant adults diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and reporting literature searches, and a multi-database search strategy of qualitative research studies and reports published in academic journals and grey literature within a 20-year duration. Results: We extracted data from twenty-two studies that met the inclusion criteria. Content analysis revealed experiences of cultural considerations in the care and psychosocial well-being of immigrants such as the development of culturally responsive care models; barriers and gaps in culturally responsive care in rural communities; patient information, education, and culturally responsive care; cultural stigma, and self-perception of the access, use, and role of healthcare providers, the impact of cancer and linguistically appropriate care; and challenges with psychosocial well-being and culturally responsive care. Conclusions: Concerns relating to psychosocial well-being of immigrant adults diagnosed with breast cancer are consistently described in the literature. Interventions exist to address psychosocial well-being; however, none have been developed or tested in immigrant adults diagnosed with breast cancer. Addressing the psychosocial well-being of immigrant adults will require the integration of culturally appropriate considerations in care to attitudes impacting patient care and reported outcomes.