Reverse thermal design method for solar buildings on low-latitude islands

To fully utilize solar energy resources for ultra-low energy consumption buildings and create green and livable environments on island reefs, we proposed the "full shading" design principle for buildings under extreme hot and humid conditions for the first time. An innovative "reverse" thermal design method was developed that couples solar photovoltaic cooling systems with heat protection design for buildings, and a new model of ultra-low energy consumption buildings suitable for low-latitude islands was formed. Experimental and engineering practice results show that full shading design can significantly reduce air conditioning load and energy consumption. For example, in the demonstration building on Meiji Island in the South China Sea, the air conditioning load can be reduced by more than 30% after implementing the full shading design. By following the reverse thermal design principles, it is possible to significantly improve the thermal transmittance limits of exterior walls, roofs, and windows of marine buildings, achieving comfortable indoor conditions solely relying on solar energy. The new model of ultra-low energy consumption buildings for low-latitude islands can effectively reduce dependence on building equipment and create a more comfortable indoor thermal environment at the building level.