Advances in the study of the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on male infertility

Circadian rhythms are endogenous timekeeping systems that produce rhythmic patterns in the cells, behaviors, and physiological processes of living organisms in response to the earth's rotation. The circadian rhythm system plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis and normal physiological functions. With the development of modern society, factors such as lifestyle and work patterns have brought about many effects on fertility, and the problem of male infertility has gradually come to the forefront and become more serious. There is increasing growing that circadian rhythms are strongly associated with male fertility, and that circadian disorders may affect spermatogenesis and reduce sperm quality by altering the secretion of reproductive hormones and the expression of biological clock genes. This article provides a review of the relationship and possible mechanisms between circadian rhythms and male infertility to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of male infertility.