Modeling information and communication interaction in 5G cluster considering the variability of the base station coverage zone

The research focuses on the processes of information and communication interaction between a set of subscribers and a base station in a 5G cluster. We consider that the coverage area of the latter is divided into concentric segments relative to the location of the base station. Each concentric segment is characterized by the distance to the center of the 5G cluster, the presence of opaque obstacles in the radio signal propagation path, and the service speed of subscribers within its boundaries. A multi-line queuing system without the buffer is chosen as the model of the researched process. The parameters of this system, including the incoming request flow and the process of servicing them, are determined by a set of states of an external stochastic process that characterizes the variability of the coverage area of the base station in the 5G cluster. The incoming request flow is represented by a marked Markovian point process, allowing for the typification of requests by the index of the segments of their origin. We consider that during the information and communication interaction process, a subscriber may move between segments of the 5G cluster as well as leave its boundaries (handover type). For the described multidimensional Markovian chain of the queuing system, the stationary probabilities of its states are analytically formalized. The obtained expressions are generalized to metrics of qualitative indicators aimed at characterizing the performance of the target instance of the 5G cluster. The results of the experiments demonstrated the sensitivity of the proposed qualitative parameters to both variations in the number of available channels to subscribers in the target 5G cluster and to the consideration of the variability aspect of the coverage area of the base station. An example of formulating optimization tasks for the performance of the target 5G cluster based on the proposed metrics of qualitative indicators is provided.