TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanofibers\nDecorated with Ag Nanoparticles\nand {P<sub>2</sub>W<sub>18</sub>}‑Type Polyoxometalate Nanoclusters\nfor Photodegradation of Organic Pollutants

The\ndevelopment of effective and stable photocatalysts\nfor water\ntreatment remains a significant challenge in environmental remediation.\nIn this work, {P<sub>2</sub>W<sub>18</sub>}-type polyoxometalate (POM)\ncluster and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) are monodispersed on internal and\nexternal surfaces of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers by electrospinning\nand solvothermal methods. P<sub>2</sub>W<sub>18</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub>–Ag-6.12 exhibits the most efficient separation of photogenerated\nelectron–hole pairs and the highest photocatalytic activity.\nThe P<sub>2</sub>W<sub>18</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>–Ag of this\nratio shows efficient and continuous activity for the photodegradation\nof 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and the degradation of salicylic acid\nin the presence of a peroxydisulfate system under ultraviolet (UV)\nirradiation with a maximum degradation efficiency of 96.63% for 2,4-DCP\nand 84.67% for salicylic acid within 60 and 30 min, respectively.\nThe reaction pathways and mechanism of photocatalytic processes were\nstudied in detail. Results indicate that TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers\nprevent Ag NP agglomeration, increase POM surface area, and improve\ncomposite stability. The synergistic effect of the three materials\nenhances electron–hole separation and transport, reduces band\ngap width and redox potential, and boosts photocatalytic efficiency.\nThis work offers a strategy for developing efficient, stable nanoheterojunction\ncatalysts for environmental remediation.