The Influence of Environmental Factors on Self-efficacy in the Community Stroke Patients

Background With China's aging population, the incidence of stroke is increasing year by year, and the high disability rate places a significant burden on patients, families, and society. It is extremely important to strengthen the rehabilitation self-efficacy of home-based stroke patients in order to assist them return to society as soon as feasible. Currently, less emphasis is being paid to the influence of environmental factors on rehabilitation self-efficacy in stroke. Objective To investigate the current status of rehabilitation self-efficacy of stroke patients in community, and explore the influence of different environmental factors on rehabilitation self-efficacy of stroke patients. Methods Using convenience sampling, from December 2019 to September 2020, 262 stroke patients in the subordinate communities of 4 community health service centers in Zhengzhou, Henan Province were enrolled in the survey. The Demographic Information Questionnaire was used to collect general data, the Modified Rankin Scale was used to assess the physical function of stroke patients, the Measure of Stroke Environment was used to assess the current situation of stroke environment, and the Chinese Version of Stroke Self-efficacy Questionnaire was used to assess the rehabilitation self-efficacy of stroke patients. The effects of various environmental factors on rehabilitation self-efficacy of stroke patients were investigated by hierarchical regression analysis. Results A total of 285 questionnaires were distributed, a total of 262 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 91.93%. The rehabilitation self-efficacy score of 262 stroke patients was (76.1±26.3). Receptivity, physical environment and communication environment accounted for 30.9% of the total variation in rehabilitation self-efficacy (P<0.05) . Conclusion The rehabilitation self-efficacy of community stroke patients is in the medium level. Receptivity, physical environment and communication environment are the important influence factors for self-efficacy of stroke patients. In the future, we should attach importance to the environmental construction of stroke patients, explore positive stroke environmental construction models, effectively guide the rehabilitation of stroke patients, enhance rehabilitation self-efficacy, improve prognosis, and help them return to society as soon as possible.