Mechanochemically\nReprogrammed Tantalum Interfaces\nEnhance Osseointegration Via Immunomodulation

Bone\nand tooth defects can considerably affect the quality of life\nand health of patients, and orthopedic implants remain the primary\nmethod of addressing such defects. However, implant materials cannot\ncoordinate with the immune microenvironment because of their biological\ninertness, which may lead to implant loosening or failure. Motivated\nby the microstructure of nacre, we engineered a biomimetic micro/nanoscale\ntopography on a tantalum surface using a straightforward method. This\ncomprised an organized array of tantalum nanotubes arranged in a brick\nwall structure, with epigallocatechin gallate acting as “mortar.”\nThe coating improved the corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and\nantioxidant properties. In vitro and in vivo evaluations further confirmed\nthat coatings can create a favorable bone immune microenvironment\nthrough the synergistic effects of mechanochemistry and enhance bone\nintegration. This research offers a new viewpoint on the creation\nof sophisticated functional implants, possessing vast potential for\nuse in the regeneration and repair of bone tissue.